The Pyramid of Meidum, located south of Cairo, is a fascinating historical monument that bears witness to the evolution of the architecture of the pyramids of ancient Egypt. Built during the 4th dynasty, probably for the pharaoh Snefrou, the pyramid of Meidum illustrates the transition between step pyramids and pyramids with smooth faces.
The initial design and transformations of the Meidum pyramid
An original step pyramid
Initially, the Meidum pyramid was designed as a step pyramid, with several superimposed levels. This architectural structure was typical of the first Egyptian pyramids and made it possible to create imposing funerary monuments for the pharaohs.
The transformation into a pyramid with smooth faces
During its construction, the Meidum pyramid underwent a major transformation: the addition of limestone facings to create a smooth-sided pyramid. This modification testifies to the evolution of construction techniques and aesthetic preferences of the time, marking a turning point in the architecture of the Egyptian pyramids.
The collapse of the Meidum pyramid and its current state
The causes of the collapse
The Meidum pyramid gradually crumbled over time, probably due to structural problems related to the transformation of the step pyramid into a smooth-sided pyramid. The limestone revetments failed to sufficiently support the structure, causing the blocks to fall and the pyramid to collapse.
The current state of the pyramid
Today, the Meidum pyramid is in ruins, leaving only a step tower surrounded by a mound of debris. Despite this state of degradation, the pyramid offers valuable insight into the construction techniques and architectural choices of the time. Archaeologists continue to study the site to learn more about Egyptian history and culture.
The historical and architectural importance of the Meidum pyramid
A testimony to the evolution of the Egyptian pyramids
The Pyramid of Meidum is an important example of the evolution of Egyptian pyramids, illustrating the transition from step pyramids to smooth-faced pyramids. Its history and its transformation offer a unique insight into the construction techniques and architectural choices of the time.
Archaeological discoveries around the pyramid
Archaeological excavations around the pyramid of Meidum have brought to light objects, inscriptions and precious architectural elements. These discoveries contribute to enriching our understanding of the life, beliefs and funerary practices of the Egyptians of the IV dynasty.
Lessons learned from the study of the pyramid
Studying the Meidum Pyramid allows scholars and history buffs to learn about the construction methods, structural challenges, and architectural innovations of the time. The pyramid bears witness to the skills and ingenuity of the Egyptian builders and their ability to adapt and evolve over time.
The preservation and enhancement of the Meidoum pyramid
Conservation efforts
The preservation of the Meidum pyramid is essential to guarantee the durability of this unique historical monument. Conservation efforts have been undertaken to stabilize the structure, prevent damage from weathering and erosion, and facilitate access to the site for researchers and visitors.
The enhancement of the site
The development of the Meidoum pyramid site allows researchers and visitors to better understand and appreciate this exceptional monument. Explanatory panels, guided tours and scientific publications help to spread knowledge about the architecture, history and culture of ancient Egypt, and to share this precious heritage with a wide audience.
Average temperatures and climate
Month | (° C) | (° F) | Weather | Climate |
---|---|---|---|---|
January | 14 | 57 | ☀️ | Sec |
February | 15 | 59 | ☀️ | Sec |
Mars | 19 | 66 | ☀️ | Sec |
April | 23 | 73 | ☀️ | Sec |
May | 27 | 81 | ☀️ | Sec |
June | 30 | 86 | ☀️ | Sec |
July | 32 | 90 | ☀️ | Sec |
August | 32 | 90 | ☀️ | Sec |
September | 29 | 84 | ☀️ | Sec |
October | 25 | 77 | ☀️ | Sec |
November | 20 | 68 | ☀️ | Sec |
December | 16 | 61 | ☀️ | Sec |
Schedules and info
- Opening hours: 8:00 a.m. to 17:00 p.m. (times may vary depending on the season)
- Entrance fee: 40 EGP
- Average price for a guide: 150-250 EGP
Other pyramids
List of Egyptian Pyramids |
Lower Egypt |
Upper Egypt |