The 12th Dynasty of Egypt was an important period in the history of ancient Egypt, which lasted from 1991 to 1783 BCE. It is often considered a period of renewal and prosperity for Egypt, under the reigns of pharaohs such as Amenemhat I, Senusret I, Senusret II and Amenemhat III. This…
II. The new capital: Itj-Taouy
Under the reign ofAmenemhat I, founder of the twelfth dynasty, a new capital named Itj-Taouy is established in the region of Faiyoum. This strategic location makes it possible to control the two regions, Upper and Lower Egypt. The capital becomes the center of administrative, military and economic activities of the XIIth dynasty and symbolizes the reunification of the country.
III. Political stability and territorial expansion
La twelfth dynasty is a period of political stability, where the sovereigns consolidate their power and extend their influence. Military campaigns in Nubia strengthen Egyptian control over this region rich in natural resources. In addition, trade and diplomatic relations are strengthened with neighboring countries, such as Syria-Palestine and Crete, ensuring the prosperity of Egypt.
IV. Advances in agriculture and irrigation
Under the Twelfth Dynasty, Egypt experienced significant developments in the fields of agriculture and irrigation. Senousert II, for example, undertakes large-scale projects to improve agricultural productivity, including the creation of Lake Moeris, a huge water reservoir in the Faiyoum. These advances help to increase food production and ensure the livelihood of the population.
V. Cultural Renaissance
The XIIth dynasty is also marked by a cultural renaissance. The arts, literature and architecture are booming, reflecting the development of Egyptian society at the time. The architectural achievements, such as the temples and the tombs, are of a high quality, with reliefs and refined sculptures. Literature, meanwhile, sees the emergence of new forms of storytelling and poetry, reflecting the richness of Egyptian culture.
List of Pharaohs of the Twelfth Dynasty:
- Amenemhat I/Sesostris I/Amenemhat II/Senusret II/Senusret III/Amenemhat III
/Amenemhat IV/Neferousobek
📋 LIST OF EGYPTIAN SOVEREIGNS 📋
Hotepsekhemwey / Sneferka / Nebra / ninetjer / Senedj / Noubnefer / Horus Ba / Peribsen / Sekhemib / Khasekhemwy / Neferkasokar / | |||
Djoser / Sanakht / Sekhemkhet / Spoon / Huni | |||
Sekhemre-Khutaouy Amenemhat-/Sobekhotep I/Sekhemkare Amenemhat-Senbef/Sekhemkare Amenemhat V/Ameny-Qemaou/Hotepibre Qémaou-Sa-Hornejhéritef/Ioufeni/Séânkhibrê Amény-Antef-Amenemhat (or Amenemhat VI)/Semenkarê Nebnoun/Sehotepibrê Sousekhtaouy | |||
Sekhaenre Yakbim/Nebuuserre Yaammou/Khauserre Qareh | |||
Semqen/Aper-Anat/Sakir-Har/Khyan/Apophis I/Apophis II?/Khamoudy | |||
/Sekhemre-Sementaouy Djehouty/Sekhemre-Sousertaouy Sobekhotep VIII | |||
Twenty-first dynasty | |||
Twenty-second dynasty | |||
Twenty-third dynasty | |||
Twenty-fourth dynasty | |||
1st Persian Dynasty | |||
Thirty-first dynasty (Achaemenid) | 2nd Persian Dynasty | ||