La XIXhis dynasty remains unquestionably the most spectacular period of ancient Egypt.
Stretching from 1292 to 1189 BC, the XIXhe Egyptian dynasty represents the height of the New Kingdom and a period of prosperity and stability for ancient Egypt.
This dynasty was founded by Ramses I, a general in the army of Horemheb, the last pharaoh of the XVIIIe dynasty.
Notable pharaohs of the XIXth dynasty
Several notable pharaohs reigned during the XIXth dynasty, including some of the most famous in Egyptian history:
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Seti I : Son of Ramses I, he consolidated the royal power and extended the influence of Egypt by leading military campaigns in Asia and Africa. He is also known for undertaking major construction projects, such as the Temple ofAbydos.
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Ramses II : Considered one of the greatest pharaohs in Egyptian history, Ramses II reigned for almost 67 years. He is famous for his military exploits, in particular the battle of Kadesh against the Hittites, and for having built many majestic monuments, including the temple ofAbu Simbel.
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Merneptah: Son and successor of Ramses II, he repels the Libyan invasions and participates in battles in Syria-Palestine. Merneptah's stele, discovered in her mortuary temple, is one of the first written references to the people of Israel.
The achievements of the XIXth dynasty
La XIXhis dynasty was marked by important achievements in different fields:
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Territorial conquests: Under the reigns of Seti I et Ramses II, Egypt expanded its influence in Africa and Asia, consolidating its position as a superpower at the time.
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Architecture: This period saw the erection of many temples and monuments, witnesses of the greatness and power of the pharaohs of the XIXth dynasty. Among the most famous achievements are the temples ofAbu Simbel, Luxor and Karnak, as well as the Ramesseum, the funerary temple of Ramses II.
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Art and Literature: The Art of XIXhe dynasty reached an exceptional level of sophistication and refinement, with statues and bas-reliefs depicting pharaohs and gods in realistic and expressive ways. The literature of this period also experienced a boom, with the creation of many religious and literary texts.
The end of the XIXth dynasty
La XIXhe dynasty ended with the reign of Ramses XI, a pharaoh whose power was in decline due to the political, economic and social tensions that rocked Egypt at the time.
The fragmentation of power and the rise of the high priests ofAmun contributed to the end of this flourishing dynasty.
Transition to XXe dynasty
Following the end of the XIXth dynasty, the XXe dynasty was founded by an Egyptian general, Sethnakht, who restored order and central authority to Egypt. Although the XXe dynasty experienced moments of stability, it was also marked by internal conflicts and economic difficulties.
List of Pharaohs of the XIXth dynasty:
Ramesses I/Seti I/Ramesses II/Merenptah/Seti II/amenmes/Siptah
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📋 LIST OF EGYPTIAN SOVEREIGNS 📋
Hotepsekhemwey / Sneferka / Nebra / ninetjer / Senedj / Noubnefer / Horus Ba / Peribsen / Sekhemib / Khasekhemwy / Neferkasokar / | |||
Djoser / Sanakht / Sekhemkhet / Spoon / Huni | |||
Sekhemre-Khutaouy Amenemhat-/Sobekhotep I/Sekhemkare Amenemhat-Senbef/Sekhemkare Amenemhat V/Ameny-Qemaou/Hotepibre Qémaou-Sa-Hornejhéritef/Ioufeni/Séânkhibrê Amény-Antef-Amenemhat (or Amenemhat VI)/Semenkarê Nebnoun/Sehotepibrê Sousekhtaouy | |||
Sekhaenre Yakbim/Nebuuserre Yaammou/Khauserre Qareh | |||
Semqen/Aper-Anat/Sakir-Har/Khyan/Apophis I/Apophis II?/Khamoudy | |||
/Sekhemre-Sementaouy Djehouty/Sekhemre-Sousertaouy Sobekhotep VIII | |||
Twenty-first dynasty | |||
Twenty-second dynasty | |||
Twenty-third dynasty | |||
Twenty-fourth dynasty | |||
1st Persian Dynasty | |||
Thirty-first dynasty (Achaemenid) | 2nd Persian Dynasty | ||