Djer was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh who reigned during the First Dynasty, succeeding Hor-Aha. He is considered the third ruler of this dynasty and reigned around 3000 BC. Although details of his reign are limited, archaeological finds have provided insight into this period of Egyptian history.
Reign of Djer
Duration and significant events
Djer's reign lasted around 40 years, although the precise dating of this period remains uncertain. Highlights of his reign include military campaigns and the consolidation of royal power, continuing the efforts of his predecessors to unify and strengthen Egypt.
International relationships
Djer also worked to establish trade and diplomatic relations with neighboring regions. Archaeological finds show that Egypt maintained links with the Levant region and other regions of the Near East during his reign.
Archaeological discoveries and Egyptological studies
Tomb of Djer at Abydos
Djer's tomb was discovered in Abydos, in the necropolis of Umm el-Qa'ab. This burial is one of the largest and most elaborate of the First Dynasty, reflecting Djer's importance as a ruler. The tomb contains numerous funerary objects and inscriptions that have helped Egyptologists better understand the reign of Djer and the burial practices of this period.
Archaeologists and research
Several archaeologists and Egyptologists have worked on finds related to Djer, including Flinders Petrie, Émile Amélineau, and Günter Dreyer. Their research has led to a better understanding of the chronology of the First Dynasty and the role of Djer in Egyptian history.
📋 LIST OF EGYPTIAN SOVEREIGNS 📋
Hotepsekhemwey / Sneferka / Nebra / ninetjer / Senedj / Noubnefer / Horus Ba / Peribsen / Sekhemib / Khasekhemwy / Neferkasokar / | |||
Djoser / Sanakht / Sekhemkhet / Spoon / Huni | |||
Sekhemre-Khutaouy Amenemhat-/Sobekhotep I/Sekhemkare Amenemhat-Senbef/Sekhemkare Amenemhat V/Ameny-Qemaou/Hotepibre Qémaou-Sa-Hornejhéritef/Ioufeni/Séânkhibrê Amény-Antef-Amenemhat (or Amenemhat VI)/Semenkarê Nebnoun/Sehotepibrê Sousekhtaouy | |||
Sekhaenre Yakbim/Nebuuserre Yaammou/Khauserre Qareh | |||
Semqen/Aper-Anat/Sakir-Har/Khyan/Apophis I/Apophis II?/Khamoudy | |||
/Sekhemre-Sementaouy Djehouty/Sekhemre-Sousertaouy Sobekhotep VIII | |||
Twenty-first dynasty | |||
Twenty-second dynasty | |||
Twenty-third dynasty | |||
Twenty-fourth dynasty | |||
1st Persian Dynasty | |||
Thirty-first dynasty (Achaemenid) | 2nd Persian Dynasty | ||